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Editorial2023-09-30
편집자 주: 33권 3호
Editorial for Vol. 33, No. 3
Abstract : This issue of Volume 33, Issue 3 contains 6 papers, 4 original and 2 review articles. The first paper analyzes communication errors between domestic air traffic controllers and pilots and highlights the importance of adhering to the International Civil Aviation Organization standard language. The second paper analyzes trends in bacterial dysentery outbreaks in South Korea and Japan from 2016 to 2020, highlighting the need for robust information systems. The third paper analyzes human papillomavirus vaccination trends and shows a gradual recovery in vaccination rates after the COVID-19 pandemic. The fourth paper analyzes 24 years of trends in aviation medical examinations, highlighting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the increase in the proportion of female pilots. The fifth paper explores the potential applications of blockchain technology in the aviation industry, presenting several use cases. The final paper analyzes medical error cases using the SHELL model and highlights the systemic problems of medical institutions in Korea. The journal covers a wide range of topics related to aerospace and human factors, and each paper presents important issues and suggestions for improvement in the field.
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Original Article2023-09-30
조종사-관제사 교신에서 표준어법 미준수와 의사소통 오류에 관한 고찰
A Study on Non-Compliance with Standard Phraseology and Communication Errors in Pilot-Controller Communication
Abstract : Purpose: In this study, in order to examine the correlation between non-compliance with standard phraseology and communication errors in pilot-controller communications, investigated the perception of standard phraseology. Methods: First, the definition and regulations of the standard phraseology were confirmed through document review. The Korea’s standard phraseology for air traffic control is based on the Air Traffic Control Procedure and the Manual of Radiotelephony. The standards regulated in these documents is derived from International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and/or the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Then, a questionnaire containing 8 test items suitable for checking compliance with the standard phraseology was prepared through expert advice. A total of 55 pilots and controllers including trainees were surveyed. Results: As a result of the survey, most of the respondents thought that the standard phraseology should be complied, but they showed poor results in the test questions about whether their phraseology were appropriate. Overall average score was 3.67 points out of perfect score of 8.00 points. Based on the respondents’ improper answers, the possibility of communication errors and linguistic background were examined through consultation with aviation experts and language experts. Conclusion: Even though they knew the need to comply with standard phraseology, they often used non-standard phraseology because they did not know the exact standard, and some communication errors were likely to occur. In order to supplement this, it is necessary to define accurate standard phraseology and make efforts at the government level as well as aviation workers and the aviation industry to train and learn properly.
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Original Article2023-09-30
Epidemic Trends of Imported Shigellosis Cases in Korea and Japan, 2016–2020
Abstract : Purpose: To observe and compare the trends in epidemic aspects of imported shigellosis (Sg) cases from overseas travelers (OTs) in Korea and Japan between 2016 and 2020. Methods: We analyzed the raw data of imported Sg cases from the Korea Diseases Control and Prevention Agency and the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Japan between 2016 and 2020. Results: In Korea, there were a total of 596 Sg infections, including 353 cases from overseas travel-associated imported cases, with a cumulative incidence rate (CIR) of 0.23 per 100,000 populations. The CIR of imported Sg cases was 0.32 per 100,000 OTs. In Japan, during the same period, there were a total of 757 Sg cases, including 388 imported cases, with a CIR of 0.12 per 100,000 populations. The CIR of imported Sg cases was 0.50 per 100,000 OTs. The CIR of total Sg cases in Korea was higher than in Japan, but the CIR of imported cases in Korea was lower than in Japan (P
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Original Article2023-09-30
Comparison and Prediction of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Trends among Koreans and Foreigners
Abstract : Purpose: This study offers a comprehensive analysis comparing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination status between Korean and foreign patients. Methods: The analysis used data from 30,216 patients treated at Seoul National University Hospital from January 2017 to June 2023. It examines variations in the rate of vaccine administration by nationality, sex, age, and vaccination date. Results: Despite observing an overall increase in HPV vaccination rates in both Korean and foreigners, the study found the impact of COVID-19 was significantly more severe on foreign patients, particularly those over the age of 30. Additionally, a larger sex discrepancy in HPV vaccine uptake was noticed among foreign patients compared to Korean. A considerable number of foreign vaccine recipients were in their 20s, suggesting a predisposition to seek health care abroad. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of further research and policy adjustments to encourage HPV vaccination uptake across diverse demographics. The value of multi-institutional studies is also highlighted to improve the applicability of these findings.
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Original Article2023-09-30
The Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Aviation Medical Examinations: A 24-Year Retrospective Analysis
Abstract : Purpose: Aviation medical exams are pivotal for health management in aviation professionals, ensuring safety. Despite their importance, a gap exists in literature detailing the dynamics of these exams, especially during the COVID-19 era. Methods: Longitudinal data assessed distribution and trends based on sex, age, and qualification. A segment analyzed the pandemic’s influence, and a correlation between pilot age and disqualification rate was evaluated. Results: Males represented 95.5% (124,751) of total applicants; females 4.5% (5,861). Age distribution: under 40 (53.2%), 40s (26.4%), 50s (16.1%), and over 60 (4.2%). The majority (94.7%) had class 1 type. The fit rate was 87.4%, with conditional fit at 11.9%. Exams increased from 2,529 in 2000 to 15,149 in 2019, then decreased during COVID-19, with an expected recovery in 2023. Pilots’ trend mirrored this, with projections to exceed 12,000 exams in 2023. Of the pilots, 0.15% were deemed unfit, with age correlating with disqualification. Conclusion: This study illuminates the evolution and impact of aviation medical examinations over 24 years, accentuating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Review Article2023-09-30
항공분야에서의 블록체인 기술 현황
Blockchain: An Overview and Its Applications in Aviation
Abstract : Blockchain is a type of distributed database managed through multiple network transaction details (P2P, Peer to Peer), and transaction information is stored on multiple computers (nodes) connected to the blockchain network instead of storing it in one server. It is an algorithm that binds transaction details to form blocks, connects multiple blocks like a chain, and then copies and distributes them by a large number of people. In the case of the aviation industry, it is worth making full use of blockchain technology to revolutionize existing systems and business processes in terms of cost and transaction transparency, so blockchain can become one of the innovative technologies that will change the paradigm of the aviation industry. As the blockchain market is still in an immature stage and the development of technology is expected in the future, it is necessary to prepare support measures to lead and preempt the global blockchain market in the future through development support and cooperation that can be actively used in the field.
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Review Article2023-09-30
SHELL 모델에 근거한 의료사고 인적요인 분석의 탐색적 연구
An Exploratory Study on Human Factor Analysis of Medical Accidents Using the SHELL (Software, Hardware, Environment, Liveware) Model
Abstract : The SHELL (Software, Hardware, Environment, Liveware) model is one of the models for determining the cause of aviation accidents. The human factors of medical accidents are analyzed through the SHELL model. This study is a case study that analyzed a total of three cases, including two medical accident court precedents and one large fire at a medical institution. In the human factor analysis of cases 1 and 2, the main factors were that liveware (human) violated the duty of care and did not follow the guidelines of the institution. The large fire incident in the hospital in Case 3 was caused by a lack of awareness of the safety of managers, the installation of illegal facilities and environments, lack of medical staff’s response and training, and the condition of patients who were mostly elderly. The liveware at the center of the SHELL model is the most important human factor, and the environment, facilities, and equipment surrounding liveware must be supplemented to prevent future medical accidents.
