Good health is an essential element for pilots responsible for the flight safety. Airline issue sick leave to pilots who are not medically qualified to perform his/her professional aviation duty because of diseases. The goal of this study was to review sick leave rate and understand the main diseases of sick leave among airline pilots in 2016. This study analyzed the sick leave data registered electronic medical record system in the aeromedical center of an airline from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. The total cases of sick leave in 2016 were 2,204. The statistics showed the average rate of sick leave per 1,000 pilots in 2016 were 16. The frequency rate and severity rate of sick leave were 0.6 and 4.9. The organ systems with the highest prevalence of disease were the respiratory system (45.6%), digestive system (26.4%), and musculoskeletal system (14.1%), while those with the longest associated sick leave periods were the musculoskeletal system (28.0%), respiratory system (22.5%), and digestive system (18.4%).