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Research Ethics

연구출판윤리 관련 정책은 아래 기술한 내용을 따르며, 기술하지 않은 기타 사항은 Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)의 Guidelines on Good Publication (http://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines) 또는 대한의학학술지편집인협의회의 Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (2013, http://kamje.or.kr/intro.php?body=publishing_ethics)를 따른다. 생명윤리와 안전에 관한 사항은 보건복지부 지정 기관생명윤리위원회(http://irb.or.kr/)와 대한기관윤리심의기구협의회(http://kairb.org)의 정책에 따른다.

  • (1) 이해관계
    저자는 제출하는 논문에서 이해관계가 있는 경우에 그 내용을 밝혀야 한다. 이해관계는 저자나 저자의 소속기관, 심사자, 편집인이 재정적이거나 개인적 관계가 있어 원고 작성, 심사와 출판 과정에 영향을 끼치는 경우를 말한다. 저자가 특정 회사와 관련된 기관에 고용되었거나, 자문을 하거나, 자신이나 가족이 회사 주식을 소유하거나, 사례금 또는 여행경비를 지원받는 등 재정적 이해관계로 해당 논문 진실성에 영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 이해관계가 재정적인 것만은 아니고 인간관계, 학문적 경쟁, 지적 열정 등으로 인하여 나타날 수 있다. 이해관계는 늘 있을 수 있으므로 중요한 것은 이를 명확하게 밝히는 데 있다. 이해관계를 밝힌 경우 편집자, 심사자, 독자들은 그 상황을 이해한 후 논문을 심사하거나 읽으면 충분하다.
  • (2) 피험자와 실험동물의 권리
    인간 대상연구는 ‘Helsinki Declaration of 1975’의 Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (2013년 개정, http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/10policies/b3)에 따라야 하며, 동시에 한국 법률 시행령 대통령령 제24329호인 ‘생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법률’ (2013년 2월 2일 개정)에 따른다. 환자 이름, 병원 환자등록번호, 생년월일 등 환자 관련 정보를 보호하여야 한다. 동물 연구는 국가나 기관에서 정한 실험동물 관리와 사용 기본지침(Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals)에 따라야 하며 국내에서 이루어진 동물 연구는 농림수산검역검사본부훈령 제72호 ‘동물실험지침’(2012년 11월 20일 개정)에 따라야 한다.
  • (3) 서면동의서와 기관생명윤리위원회 승인
    인간 혹은 동물 대상 연구에서 기관생명윤리위원회(Institutional Review Board) 심의 면제 사유가 아니고 승인이 필요한 경우에는 피험자의 서면동의서와 저자 소속기관 기관생명윤리위원회의 승인을 받아야 하며, 편집인은 저자에게 관련 증빙 서류 제출을 요청할 수 있다.
  • (4) 임상시험연구 등록
    임상시험 연구는 질병관리본부 내 임상연구정보서비스(Clinical Research Information Service, CRiS; http://cris.nih.go.kr)나 세계보 건기구에서 승인한 International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en), 미국 국립보건원의 ClinicalTrial.gov (http://clinicaltrial.gov) 등에 등록하여야 한다.
  • (5) 저자의 조건과 책임
    책임저자는 원고 접수, 전문가 심사, 출판 과정에서 편집위원회와 직접 연락을 취하는 저자이어야 하며, 저자정보 제공, 윤리위원회 승인, 임상실험 등록, 이해관계 명시서 취합 등 편집위원회 요구에 협조하여야 한다. 출판 후에도 논문에 대한 논평에 회신하고, 편집위원회에서 논문에 사용된 데이터나 추가 정보를 요청하면 협조해야 한다. 공저자는 논문의 모든 내용에 공동 책임을 지며, 모든 저자는 다음의 4가지 조건을 충족해야 한다.
    • 1) 연구의 기본 개념 설정과 연구의 설계, 자료의 수집, 분석, 해석에 충분히 기여
    • 2) 논문작성 또는 내용의 주요 부분 변경에 충분히 기여
    • 3) 최종 원고의 승인
    • 4) 논문의 정확성, 진실성을 조사할 때 이에 관련한 질의에 책임짐
    위의 네 가지를 모두 충족하지 못하는 경우 감사글(Acknowledgment)에 기여자(contributor)로 기재할 수 있다. 책임저자가 기여도를 판단하여 공동 제1저자나 공동 책임저자를 인정할 수 있다.
  • (6) 중복출판
    다른 학술지에 투고하여 전문가심사 받는 중이거나 이미 발표한 논문을 우리 학술지에 투고나 게재할 수 없으며, 우리 학술지에 출판한 논문은 편집위원회의 허락 없이 다른 학술지에 투고나 게재할 수 없다. 본 학술지에 실린 그림과 표는 출처를 밝히고 연구나 교육 등 비영리 목적으로 자유롭게 사용 가능하다. 다른 학술지나 단행본 등에 실린 표나 그림을 투고 논문에서 인용할 때 Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License에 따른 open access 자료가 아닐 경우 저자는 저작권자로부터 서면 허락을 받아야 한다.
  • (7) 이차출판
    ICMJE의 Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (http://www.icmje.org/)에서 제안한 조건에 맞으면 이차출판 할 수 있다. 정부기관이나 전문가단체에서 발간한 진료지침은 독자가 다양하고 관심 가진 사람이 많으므로, 여러 편집인이 합의하여 여러 학술지에 실을 수 있다. 다른 국가, 다른 언어, 다른 학술지에서 발행할 때 이차출판 할 수 있다. 우선, 저자는 해당 학술지 편집인이나 발행인에게 사전 허락을 받아야 한다. 그리고 이차출판 투고 원고를 받은 편집인은 원 논문 복사본을 확보하여 하고, 일차출판에 대한 우선권을 주기 위해 보통 1주 이상 출판일 차이를 두지만 해당 편집인이 사전 협의하면 동시에 출판할 수 있다. 또한 이차출판은 독자층이 달라야 하고 축약본만으로도 가능하다. 마지막으로, 원 논문 자료와 해석을 충실히 따라야 하며 투고 원고 첫 페이지에 각주를 통해서 독자, 심사자, 사무국에 현 원고 전체나 일부분이 다른 학술지에 출판되었음을 알려야 한다.
  • (8) 연구출판윤리 위반 처리
    중복출판, 표절, 날조 또는 변조된 데이터, 저자 변경, 이해관계 문제, 연구윤리 문제, 저자의 자료나 아이디어 도용한 심사자 등 연구출판 윤리 위반 사항이 있으면 COPE의 처리절차인 flow chart (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts)를 참조하여 편집위원회에서 해당 사안을 논의하여 조치사항을 결정하고 시행한다.
  • (9) 편집위원회 책임
    편집위원회는 내용 진실성 유지, 상업적 요구 배제, 출판물 수정이나 철회, 표절과 날조 자료 거르기(screening) 등 출판윤리와 진실성을 확립하기 위하여 최선을 다한다. 투고 논문은 Similarity Check로 점검하여, similarity index 값이 높으면 중복출판이나 표절여부를 세세히 살핀다. 편집인은 투고 논문의 게재 여부 결정에 최종 책임을 지고, 이해관계 여부를 살피고, 오류 수정 요청하거나, 심각한 위반이 있으면 철회 권유하며, 심사자 익명을 지키는 등 여러 의무에 만전을 기한다.

Publication Ethics

For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instruction, “Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (http://kamje.or.kr)” or “COPE Core Practices (https://publicationethics.org/core-practices)” can be applied.

  • 1. Authorship
    It is important to understand that authorship credit should be based on (1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, and/or analysis and interpretation of data; (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; (3) final approval of the version to be published; and (4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Every author should meet all of these four conditions for every submitted manuscript to ‘The Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine (KJAsEM)’.

    After the initial submission of a manuscript, any changes whatsoever in authorship (adding author(s), deleting author(s), or re-arranging the order of authors) must be explained by a letter to the editor from the authors concerned. This letter must be signed by all authors of the paper. Copyright assignment must also be completed by every author.

    Correction of authorship: KJAsEM does not correct authorship after publication unless a mistake has been made by the editorial staff. Authorship may be changed before publication but after submission when an authorship correction is requested by all of the authors involved with the manuscript.
  • 2. Originality, plagiarism, and duplicate publication
    Submitted manuscripts must not have been previously published in any context, or be under consideration for publication elsewhere. No part of the accepted manuscript should be duplicated in any other scientific journal without the express written permission of the Editorial Board. This restriction does not apply to abstracts or press reports published in connection with scientific meetings.

    Submitted manuscripts are screened for possible plagiarism or duplicate publication by the use of Similarity Check upon arrival. If plagiarism or duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal is detected, the manuscripts may be rejected, the authors will be announced in the journal, and their institutions will be informed of this situation. There will also be penalties that will be assessed and applied for the authors if this incident occurs.

    A letter of permission is required for any and all material that has been published previously. It is the responsibility of the author to request permission from the publisher for any material that is being reproduced or considered for reproduction by KJAsEM. This requirement applies to text, figures, and tables.
  • 3. Secondary publication
    It is possible to republish manuscripts if the manuscripts satisfy the conditions of secondary publication of the ICMJE Recommendations (http://www.icmje.org/urm_main.html).
  • 4. Conflict-of-interest statement
    A conflict of interest may exist when an author (or the author’s institution or employer) has financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence (or bias) the author’s decisions, work, or manuscript.

    Corresponding author of an article is asked to let the Editor-in-Chief know potential conflict of interest possibly influencing their interpretation of data. Potential conflict of interest is applied even when the authors are confident that their judgments have not been influenced in the manuscript. Such conflicts may be financial supports or connections to pharmaceutical companies, political pressure from interest groups, or academic problems.

    The Editor-in-Chief will decide whether the information of the conflict should be included in the published paper. Before publishing such information, the Editor-in-Chief will consult with the corresponding author. In particular, all sources of funding for a research should be explicitly stated.
  • 5. Statement of human and animal right
    Clinical research should be done in accordance of the “Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects,” outlined in the Helsinki Declaration. Clinical studies that do not meet the Helsinki Declaration will not be considered for use in the publication. Human subjects should not be identifiable, such that the confidentiality of the patient’s names, initials, hospital numbers, dates of birth, or other protected healthcare information should not be disclosed. For animal subjects, research should be performed based on the National or Institutional Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and the ethical treatment of all experimental animals should be maintained.
  • 6. Statement of informed consent and Institutional Review Board approval
    Copies of written informed consents should be kept for studies on human subjects. For the clinical studies with human subjects, there should be a certificate, an agreement, or the approval by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the author’s affiliated institution. If necessary, the editor or reviewers may request copies of these documents to resolve any questions regarding IRB approval and study conduct.
  • 7. Registration of the clinical trial research
    Any research that deals with a clinical trial should be registered with the primary national clinical trial registry site such as the Korea Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS, http://cris.nih.go.kr), other primary national registry sites accredited by the World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/primary/en/), or ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov/), a service of the United States National Institutes of Health.
  • 8. Process for managing research and publication misconduct
    When the journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct such as redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fraudulent or fabricated data, changes in authorship, an undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and so on, the resolution process will be completed following the procedures outlined in the flowchart provided by the COPE (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). The discussion and decision on the suspected cases will be carried out by the Editorial Board.
  • 9. Process for handling cases requiring corrections, retractions, and editorial expressions of concern
    Cases that require editorial expressions of concern or retraction shall follow the COPE flowcharts (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). If a correction is required, the procedure to provide the correction will follow the ICMJE Recommendation (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/corrections-and-version-control.html).
  • 10. Editorial responsibilities
    The Editorial Board will continuously work to monitor and safeguard publication ethics: guidelines for retracting articles; maintenance of the integrity of the academic record; preclusion of business needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards; publishing corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed; and excluding plagiarism and fraudulent data. The editors maintain the following responsibilities: responsibility and authority to reject and accept articles; avoiding any conflict of interest with respect to articles they reject or accept; promoting publication of corrections or retractions when errors are found; and the preservation of the anonymity of reviewers.

Journal Info

The Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine
December, 2022
Vol.32 No.3

pISSN 1738-2548
eISSN 2713-9972

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KORENG
  • Review Article2021-04-30

    항공종사자와 코로나바이러스감염증-19 백신 예방 접종

    Abstract : The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine is expected to play an important role in stopping the pandemic. Studies show that COVID-19 vaccines are effective at keeping you from getting COVID-19. Getting a COVID-19 vaccine will also help keep you from getting seriously ill even if you do get COVID-19. Efforts to find an effective vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have progressed unprecedentedly through active support from public research grants and private-public partnership programs. Clinical studies have been actively conducted, and some vaccines are being vaccinated with approval for urgent use. The WHO has approved and supplied the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. In Korea, the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine was approved for urgent use, and vaccination began on February 26, 2021. In this paper, the efficacy and side effects of each vaccines and the effect on pilots and air traffic controllers related to COVID-19 vaccination were investigated in terms of aviation medicine.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    말초성 어지럼의 이해 및 항공업무 적합성 평가

    Abstract : Aircraft accidents caused by dizziness of aviation workers are so common that they account for 5% to 10% of the total, and in most cases, have fatal consequences. Therefore, it is essential to diagnose and treat the dizziness of aviation workers properly. Common diseases caused by abnormal vestibular function include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease, and vestibular neuritis. In this paper, we first proposed an overview of these diseases’ pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Also, we evaluated the importance of these diseases in aerospace medicine and presented aerospace medical dispositions for aviation medical examiners.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    COVID-19 감염증이 호흡기 알레르기 질환에 미치는 영향

    Abstract : As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, doctors face many difficulties in managing patients with respiratory allergies. As research continues, much new knowledge has emerged about the link between COVID-19 infection and respiratory allergies. Studies to date have shown that there is no significant increase in the risk of COVID-19 infection in patients with respiratory allergies. However, in patients undergoing treatment for moderate to severe asthma or allergic rhinitis, more severe clinical manifestations, increased hospitalization period, and increased mortality may occur, so patients need to be managed with more care. In addition to personal efforts, social consideration should be accompanied to prevent deterioration in patients’ quality of life with respiratory allergies due to COVID-19. Lastly, as clinical doctors, we should treat patients with respiratory allergies to protect ourselves appropriately by actively utilizing remote medical treatment and minimizing tests that generate droplets. Also, by appropriately educating patients and continuing drug treatment, efforts should be made to ensure that patients receive the best treatment even in a pandemic situation.

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  • Original Article2021-04-30

    교양교육의 글로벌 역량 강화 방안 사례 연구: 비교과 영역을 중심으로

    Abstract : Purpose: The purpose of this study is to consider ways to strengthen it through comparison and curriculum while recognizing the importance of global competencies in liberal arts education in universities. Methods: In order to explore ways to reinforce the sub-competence of global competencies, this study was conducted at a four-year university in Chungcheong-do for one year in 2019, such as ‘Global Culture Talk’, ‘Global Travel’, ‘Global Nanta’, and ‘Making Global Friends’. Cases of comparison and application of educational programs were analyzed. The program was attended by the Department of Business Administration, Department of Aviation Service, Department of Design, Department of Manga Animation, Department of Broadcasting and Film, and foreign exchange students. The competency-centered curriculum not only has clear educational goals, but is also very advantageous in establishing a feedback system by measuring its performance. This study will assess the effectiveness of the education plan by diagnosing the change in competencies before and after the comparison and curriculum is operated. Results: The overall global competency has increased by 0.2 points compared to 2017. By sub-sector, it was found that the flexibility increased by 1.4 points. In the field of cross-cultural understanding, it rose 0.6 points, and in the field of global understanding, it rose 2.2 points, showing the largest increase in the sub-fields. Nevertheless, the field of global interest remains at a low level. This is considerably low compared to flexibility and ability to understand other cultures, and it is expected that measures for improvement should be continuously sought. Since the understanding of other cultures has already exceeded 60 points, it is expected that the global competency of the university will be strengthened if the level is consistently maintained and the emphasis is placed on enhancing flexibility and improving global understanding. Conclusion: The importance of strengthening global capabilities is steadily rising. Universities are also reorganizing the curriculum by analyzing the needs and satisfaction of education consumers to respond to this. The programs operated and analyzed in this study were also made as part of this effort. However, since there are various factors that affect global competency, it cannot be but admitted that it is not easy to gauge the change in competency with only a few programs and short-term efforts. However, if the efforts pursued by this study are accumulated and supplemented through feedback from a long-term perspective, it can be expected that there are not a lot of contributions to strengthening global competencies in liberal arts education.

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  • Original Article2021-04-30

    COVID-19 시대에서 외국인의 자궁경부암 백신접종

    Abstract : Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule is recommended by Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization of World Health Organization to achieve high efficacy and immunogenicity. However, the patients often cannot keep up their schedule for several reasons. Methods: Monthly numbers of visitors for HPV vaccination between 2019 and 2021 were analyzed to measure the impact of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak which was the main cause of this delay. Results: In February 2020, the number of foreign patients vaccinated with HPV was dropped suddenly due to COVID-19. Prior to this impact, the average patients per month for HPV vaccination was 160 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 143–176). It was then 30 (95% CI: 20–40). However recent trends show a gradual recovery. Conclusion: If a woman is pregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, the reminder doses should be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. If this series is interrupted for any length of time, it can be resumed without restarting the series. HPV vaccine series need to be administered with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after administration of COVID-19 vaccines.

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  • Original Article2021-08-31

    Fatigue and Associated Factors among Airline Pilots

    Abstract : Purpose: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of fatigue and its associated factors leading to the fatigue among Korean commercial airline pilots. Methods: An anonymous, web-based questionnaire collecting data on sleep related characteristics was completed by airline pilots. The final 1,029 samples of completed questionnaires were analyzed. The association of the risk factors with fatigue was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of fatigue was 60% (Fatigue Severity Scale index≥3.2), disturbed sleep 28% (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index≥9), daytime sleepiness 17% (Epworth Sleepiness Scale≥10), and sleep apnea (Berlin Questionnaire≥2) 11%. The fully adjusted logistic regression showed that quality of life (odds ratio [OR]=0.16, confidence interval [CI]=0.11–0.24), daytime sleepiness (OR=1.26, CI=1.18–1.34), sleep quality (OR=1.44, CI=1.29–1.61), mental workload (OR=1.10, CI=1.05–1.14), vigorous physical activity (OR=0.82, CI=0.72–0.92), late starts (OR=1.25, CI=1.06– 1.46) and average weekly flying hours (OR=1.02, CI=1.00–1.03) were associated with higher levels of fatigue. Conclusion: Lower quality of life, disturbed sleep, more subjective sleepiness, shorter sleep duration, higher mental workload, less vigorous physical activity, frequent late starts, and longer flying hour were shown to be risk factors for fatigue in airline pilots. These findings should be taken into account in the development of sleep and fatigue countermeasures for airline pilots.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    항공우주의학회지 창간 30주년을 맞아: 학회지의 역사, 발전, 그리고 비전

    Abstract : The year 2021 is a significant year in which the Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine (KJAsEM) celebrates its 30th anniversary. Therefore, in this review, we look back on the history and development of KJAsEM and suggest the direction we should go forward. In particular, the recent development of KJAsEM was described in more detail, such as opening the KJAsEM journal homepage, an online submission system, and adopting an open access policy.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    COVID-19 감염증이 호흡기 알레르기 질환에 미치는 영향

    Abstract : As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, doctors face many difficulties in managing patients with respiratory allergies. As research continues, much new knowledge has emerged about the link between COVID-19 infection and respiratory allergies. Studies to date have shown that there is no significant increase in the risk of COVID-19 infection in patients with respiratory allergies. However, in patients undergoing treatment for moderate to severe asthma or allergic rhinitis, more severe clinical manifestations, increased hospitalization period, and increased mortality may occur, so patients need to be managed with more care. In addition to personal efforts, social consideration should be accompanied to prevent deterioration in patients’ quality of life with respiratory allergies due to COVID-19. Lastly, as clinical doctors, we should treat patients with respiratory allergies to protect ourselves appropriately by actively utilizing remote medical treatment and minimizing tests that generate droplets. Also, by appropriately educating patients and continuing drug treatment, efforts should be made to ensure that patients receive the best treatment even in a pandemic situation.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    말초성 어지럼의 이해 및 항공업무 적합성 평가

    Abstract : Aircraft accidents caused by dizziness of aviation workers are so common that they account for 5% to 10% of the total, and in most cases, have fatal consequences. Therefore, it is essential to diagnose and treat the dizziness of aviation workers properly. Common diseases caused by abnormal vestibular function include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere’s disease, and vestibular neuritis. In this paper, we first proposed an overview of these diseases’ pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Also, we evaluated the importance of these diseases in aerospace medicine and presented aerospace medical dispositions for aviation medical examiners.

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  • Original Article2021-04-30

    COVID-19 시대에서 외국인의 자궁경부암 백신접종

    Abstract : Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination schedule is recommended by Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization of World Health Organization to achieve high efficacy and immunogenicity. However, the patients often cannot keep up their schedule for several reasons. Methods: Monthly numbers of visitors for HPV vaccination between 2019 and 2021 were analyzed to measure the impact of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak which was the main cause of this delay. Results: In February 2020, the number of foreign patients vaccinated with HPV was dropped suddenly due to COVID-19. Prior to this impact, the average patients per month for HPV vaccination was 160 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 143–176). It was then 30 (95% CI: 20–40). However recent trends show a gradual recovery. Conclusion: If a woman is pregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, the reminder doses should be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. If this series is interrupted for any length of time, it can be resumed without restarting the series. HPV vaccine series need to be administered with a minimum interval of 14 days before or after administration of COVID-19 vaccines.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    항공종사자와 코로나바이러스감염증-19 백신 예방 접종

    Abstract : The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine is expected to play an important role in stopping the pandemic. Studies show that COVID-19 vaccines are effective at keeping you from getting COVID-19. Getting a COVID-19 vaccine will also help keep you from getting seriously ill even if you do get COVID-19. Efforts to find an effective vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have progressed unprecedentedly through active support from public research grants and private-public partnership programs. Clinical studies have been actively conducted, and some vaccines are being vaccinated with approval for urgent use. The WHO has approved and supplied the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. In Korea, the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine was approved for urgent use, and vaccination began on February 26, 2021. In this paper, the efficacy and side effects of each vaccines and the effect on pilots and air traffic controllers related to COVID-19 vaccination were investigated in terms of aviation medicine.

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  • Original Article2021-08-31

    Fatigue and Associated Factors among Airline Pilots

    Abstract : Purpose: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of fatigue and its associated factors leading to the fatigue among Korean commercial airline pilots. Methods: An anonymous, web-based questionnaire collecting data on sleep related characteristics was completed by airline pilots. The final 1,029 samples of completed questionnaires were analyzed. The association of the risk factors with fatigue was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of fatigue was 60% (Fatigue Severity Scale index≥3.2), disturbed sleep 28% (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index≥9), daytime sleepiness 17% (Epworth Sleepiness Scale≥10), and sleep apnea (Berlin Questionnaire≥2) 11%. The fully adjusted logistic regression showed that quality of life (odds ratio [OR]=0.16, confidence interval [CI]=0.11–0.24), daytime sleepiness (OR=1.26, CI=1.18–1.34), sleep quality (OR=1.44, CI=1.29–1.61), mental workload (OR=1.10, CI=1.05–1.14), vigorous physical activity (OR=0.82, CI=0.72–0.92), late starts (OR=1.25, CI=1.06– 1.46) and average weekly flying hours (OR=1.02, CI=1.00–1.03) were associated with higher levels of fatigue. Conclusion: Lower quality of life, disturbed sleep, more subjective sleepiness, shorter sleep duration, higher mental workload, less vigorous physical activity, frequent late starts, and longer flying hour were shown to be risk factors for fatigue in airline pilots. These findings should be taken into account in the development of sleep and fatigue countermeasures for airline pilots.

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  • Review Article2021-04-30

    항공우주의학회지 창간 30주년을 맞아: 학회지의 역사, 발전, 그리고 비전

    Abstract : The year 2021 is a significant year in which the Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine (KJAsEM) celebrates its 30th anniversary. Therefore, in this review, we look back on the history and development of KJAsEM and suggest the direction we should go forward. In particular, the recent development of KJAsEM was described in more detail, such as opening the KJAsEM journal homepage, an online submission system, and adopting an open access policy.

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  • Original Article2021-04-30

    교양교육의 글로벌 역량 강화 방안 사례 연구: 비교과 영역을 중심으로

    Abstract : Purpose: The purpose of this study is to consider ways to strengthen it through comparison and curriculum while recognizing the importance of global competencies in liberal arts education in universities. Methods: In order to explore ways to reinforce the sub-competence of global competencies, this study was conducted at a four-year university in Chungcheong-do for one year in 2019, such as ‘Global Culture Talk’, ‘Global Travel’, ‘Global Nanta’, and ‘Making Global Friends’. Cases of comparison and application of educational programs were analyzed. The program was attended by the Department of Business Administration, Department of Aviation Service, Department of Design, Department of Manga Animation, Department of Broadcasting and Film, and foreign exchange students. The competency-centered curriculum not only has clear educational goals, but is also very advantageous in establishing a feedback system by measuring its performance. This study will assess the effectiveness of the education plan by diagnosing the change in competencies before and after the comparison and curriculum is operated. Results: The overall global competency has increased by 0.2 points compared to 2017. By sub-sector, it was found that the flexibility increased by 1.4 points. In the field of cross-cultural understanding, it rose 0.6 points, and in the field of global understanding, it rose 2.2 points, showing the largest increase in the sub-fields. Nevertheless, the field of global interest remains at a low level. This is considerably low compared to flexibility and ability to understand other cultures, and it is expected that measures for improvement should be continuously sought. Since the understanding of other cultures has already exceeded 60 points, it is expected that the global competency of the university will be strengthened if the level is consistently maintained and the emphasis is placed on enhancing flexibility and improving global understanding. Conclusion: The importance of strengthening global capabilities is steadily rising. Universities are also reorganizing the curriculum by analyzing the needs and satisfaction of education consumers to respond to this. The programs operated and analyzed in this study were also made as part of this effort. However, since there are various factors that affect global competency, it cannot be but admitted that it is not easy to gauge the change in competency with only a few programs and short-term efforts. However, if the efforts pursued by this study are accumulated and supplemented through feedback from a long-term perspective, it can be expected that there are not a lot of contributions to strengthening global competencies in liberal arts education.

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