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KJASEM The Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine

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제정: 1991. 4. 20.
개정: 1998. 2. 18, 1999. 11.30, 2005. 4. 13.
2007. 4. 30, 2011. 8. 31, 2020. 3. 1.
2020. 8. 31, 2021. 3. 8, 2023. 01. 01.

본 학술지의 명칭은 항공우주의학회지(The Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine; KJAsEM)이다. 본 학술지는 한국항공우주의학협회 및 산하 학회인 한국항공우주의학회, 한국항공인적요인학회, 한국항공간호학회의 공식 학술지이다. 본 학술지는 전문가 심사를 거치는 전문학술지로서 ‘항공분야 종사자 및 승객의 건강 향상 및 안전 증진, 그리고 항공우주의학 분야에 있어 최신의 지식 탐구’라는 사명을 수행하는 데 있어 도움을 줄 수 있는 논문을 게재하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 따라서 본 학술지에 투고되는 원고는 항공우주의학, 항공우주생리, 항공인적요인 및 항공 간호에 관련된 학문 분야의 발전에 기여할 독창성 있는 원고이어야 한다.

원고의 종류는 원저(Original Article), 종설(Review Article), 증례(Case Report), 편집인에게 보내는 글(Letter to Editors), 에세이(Essay) 및 기타 단신(Brief Communication) 등으로 한다.
원저는 항공우주 기초의학 혹은 임상의학 분야의 연구 결과를 포함하고 있으며, 독자들이 이해하기 쉽도록 체계적으로 기술되어야 한다.
종설은 편집위원회의 청탁에 의해 투고되며, 항공우주의학 분야의 다양한 연구 영역, 최신 지식, 체계적 논문 고찰 등이 포함될 수 있다.
증례, 논평, 에세이 및 단신은 해당 분야 연구자들에게 중요한 증례 및 주제에 대한 보고를 포함한다.

연구출판윤리 관련 정책은 아래 기술한 내용을 따르며, 기술하 지 않은 기타 사항은 Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) 의 Guidelines on Good Publication (http://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines) 또는 대한의학학술지편집인협의회의 Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (2019) 의학논문출판 가이드라인을 따른다. 생명윤리와 안전에 관한 사항은 보건복지부 지정 기관 생명윤리위원회(http://irb.or.kr/)와 대한기관윤리심의기 구협의회(http://kairb.org)의 정책에 따른다.

  • 1)
    이해관계: 교신저자는 데이터 해석에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 모든 저자의 잠재적 이해관계의 충돌에 대한 정보를 편집위원에게 알려야 한다. 이해관계는 저자나 저자의 소속기관, 심사자, 편집인이 재정적이거나 개인적 관계가 있어 원고 작성, 심사와 출판 과정에 영향을 끼치는 경우를 말한다. 저자가 특정 회사와 관련된 기관에 고용되었거나, 자문을 하거나, 자신이나 가족이 회사 주식을 소유하거나, 사례금 또는 여행경비를 지원받는 등 재정적 이해관계로 해당 논문 진실성에 영향을 끼칠 수 있다. 이해관계가 재정적인 것만은 아니고 인간관계, 학문적 경쟁, 지적 열정 등으로 인하여 나타날 수 있다. 이해관계는 늘 있을 수 있으므로 중요한 것은 이를 명확하게 밝히는 데 있다. 잠재적 이해관계 충돌이 원고 준비 과정에서 전혀 영향을 미치지 않았음을 모든 저자가 확신하는 경우에도 이에 대해 원고에 기술해야 한다. 잠재적인 이해관계 충돌에 대한 공개양식은 ICMJE가 제시한 이해관계선언서 양식(Uniform Disclosure Form)을 따른다(http://www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf).
  • 2)
    피험자와 실험동물의 권리: 인간 대상연구는 ‘Helsinki Declaration of 1975’의 Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (2013년 개정, https://www.wma.net/what-we-do/medical-ethics/declaration-of-helsinki/)에 따라야 하며, 동시에 한국 법률 시행령 대통령령 제24329호인 ‘생명윤리 및 안전에 관한 법률’ (2020년 8월 11일 개정)에 따른다. 환자 이름, 병원 환자등록번호, 생년월일 등 환자 관련 정보를 보호하여야 한다. 연구를 위해 환자의 얼굴 등 개인정보를 노출시킬 수밖에 없는 경우에는 환자 또는 보호자로부터 출판에 관한 서면 동의서를 받아 보관하여야 한다. 동물 연구는 국가나 기관에서 정한 실험동물 관리와 사용 기본지침(Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals)에 따라야 하며 국내에서 이루어진 동물 연구는 농림수산검역검사본부훈령 제72호 ‘동물실험지침’(2016년 3월 9일 개정)에 따라야 한다.
  • 3)
    서면동의서와 기관생명윤리위원회 승인: 인간 혹은 동물 대상 연구에서 기관생명윤리위원회(Institutional Review Board) 심의 면제 사유가 아니고 승인이 필요한 경우에는 피험자의 서면동의서와 저자 소속기관 기관생명윤리위원회의 승인 여부를 투고 원고 내에 기술하여야 한다. 편집인은 저자에게 필요시 환자동의서 및 해당 윤리위원회 승인서의 제출을 요구할 수 있다.
  • 4)
    임상시험연구 등록: 임상시험 연구는 질병관리본부 내 임상연구정보서비스(Clinical Research Information Service, CRiS; http://cris.nih.go.kr)나 세계보건기구에서 승인한 International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (https://www.who.int/clinical-trials-registry-platform), 미국 국립보건원의 ClinicalTrial.gov (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/) 등에 등록하여야 한다.
  • 5)
    저자의 조건과 책임: 교신저자는 원고 접수, 전문가 심사, 출판 과정에서 편집위원회와 직접 연락을 취하는 저자이어야 하며, 저자정보 제공, 윤리위원회 승인, 임상실험 등록, 이해관계 명시서 취합 등 편집위원회 요구에 협조하여야 한다. 출판 후에도 논문에 대한 논평에 회신하고, 편집위원회에서 논문에 사용된 데이터나 추가 정보를 요청하면 협조해야 한다. 공저자는 논문의 모든 내용에 공동 책임을 지며, 모든 저자는 다음의 4가지 조건을 충족해야 한다.
    • (1)
      연구의 기본 개념 설정과 연구의 설계, 자료의 수집, 분석, 해석에 충분히 기여
    • (2)
      논문작성 또는 내용의 주요 부분 변경에 충분히 기여
    • (3)
      최종 원고의 승인
    • (4)
      논문의 정확성, 진실성을 조사할 때 이에 관련한 질의에 책임짐
    위의 네 가지를 모두 충족하지 못하는 경우 감사글(Acknowledge-ment)에 기여자(contributor)로 기재할 수 있다. 교신저자가 기여도를 판단하여 공동 제1저자나 공동 교신저자를 인정할 수 있다. 저자 수 또는 순서를 변경해야 할 경우 편집위원회의 승인을 받아야 한다.
  • 6)
    중복출판: 다른 학술지에 투고하여 전문가심사를 받는 중이거나 이미 발표한 논문을 본 학술지에 투고나 게재할 수 없으며, 본 학술지에 출판한 논문은 편집위원회의 허락 없이 다른 학술지에 투고하거나 게재할 수 없다. 본 학술지에 실린 그림과 표는 출처를 밝히고 연구나 교육 등 비영리 목적으로 자유롭게 사용 가능하다. 다른 학술지나 단행본 등에 실린 표나 그림을 투고 논문에서 인용할 때 Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License에 따른 Open Access 자료가 아닐 경우 저자는 저작권자로부터 서면 허락을 받아야 한다.
  • 7)
    이차출판: ICMJE의 Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/)에서 제안한 조건에 맞으면 이차출판 할 수 있다. 정부기관이나 전문가단체에서 발간한 진료지침은 독자가 다양하고 관심 가진 사람이 많으므로, 여러 편집인이 합의하여 여러 학술지에 실을 수 있다. 다른 국가, 다른 언어, 다른 학술지에서 발행할 때 이차출판 할 수 있다. 우선, 저자는 해당 학술지 편집인이나 발행인에게 사전 허락을 받아야 한다. 그리고 이차출판 투고 원고를 받은 편집인은 원 논문 복사본을 확보하여 하고, 일차출판에 대한 우선권을 주기 위해 보통 1주 이상 출판일 차이를 두지만 해당 편집인이 사전 협의하면 동시에 출판할 수 있다. 또한 이차출판은 독자층이 달라야 하고 축약본만으로도 가능하다. 마지막으로, 원 논문 자료와 해석을 충실히 따라야 하며 투고원고 첫 페이지에 각주를 통해서 독자, 심사자, 사무국에 현 원고 전체나 일부분이 다른 학술지에 출판되었음을 알려야 한다.
  • 8)
    데이터 공유 정책: 본 학회지는 “Data Sharing Statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors”에서 설명된 데이터 공유 정책을 따른다. ICMJE의 관련 정책은 http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html에서 설명하고 있다. 등록 후에 데이터 공유 정책이 변경될 경우 해당 내용은 원고와 함께 제출 및 출판물에 반영되어야 하며 레지스트리 기록도 업데이트되어야 한다.
  • 9)
    연구출판윤리 위반 처리: 중복출판, 표절, 날조 또는 변조된 데이터, 저자 변경, 이해관계 문제, 연구윤리 문제, 저자의 자료나 아이디어 도용한 심사자 등 연구출판 윤리 위반 사항이 있으면 논문의 저자에게 징계 조치가 내려질 수 있다. 저자에게 경고, 투고 제한 등이 행해질 수 있으며, 편집위원회는 저자의 소속 기관 및 기타 관련 기관에 이 사실을 공지할 수 있다. 만일 편집위원회에서 위반사항을 인식하지 못하고 이미 논문이 게재된 경우 저자의 설명이나 동의 없이 이에 관한 경고 기사가 게재될 수 있다. 또한 연구부정행위의 처리는 COPE Flowchart (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Flowcharts)에 따른다.
  • 10)
    편집위원회 책임: 편집위원회는 내용 진실성 유지, 상업적 요구 배제, 출판물 수정이나 철회, 표절과 날조 자료 거르기(screening) 등 출판윤리와 진실성을 확립하기 위하여 최선을 다한다. 투고 논문은 Similarity Check로 점검하여, similarity index 값이 높으면 중복출판이나 표절여부를 세세히 살핀다. 편집인은 투고 논문의 게재 여부 결정에 최종 책임을 지고, 이해관계 여부를 살피고, 오류 수정 요청하거나, 심각한 위반이 있으면 철회 권유하며, 심사자 익명을 지키는 등 여러 의무에 만전을 기한다.
    본 투고요령에 기술되지 않은 연구윤리규정에 대해서는 대한의학학술지편집인협의회에서 제정한 “의학논문 출판윤리 가이드라인 3판(https://www.kamje.or.kr/board/view?b_name=bo_publication&bo_id=13&per_page=)”이나 “출판윤리위원회(Committee on Publication Ethics, COPE)의 국제 기준 가이드라인(https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines)”이 준용될 수 있다.

원고는 국문 또는 영문으로 작성할 수 있다. 국문 원고라도 초록, 표, 그림 설명, 참고문헌, 감사의 글은 영문으로 작성해야 한다. 의학용어는 대한의사협회의 의학용어집 최신판이나 Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary 최근 판을 참조하여야 한다. 한글로 번역하기 힘든 용어는 영문으로 기술할 수 있다. 영문 약어 사용을 가능한 한 삼가야 하고, 꼭 필요한 경우 처음 표기에서는 단어 전체를 쓰고 괄호 안에 약어를 기술하여야 하며 이후 사용 시 약어만 표기한다.

원고는 MS 워드 프로그램을 사용하여 작성하고, A4 용지(21.0 cm×29.7 cm)에 두 줄 간격으로 작성하며 상하좌우 모두 3 cm 여백을 둔다. 글자는 10 point 크기로 한다.

  • 1)
    논문의 형식: 한글 논문일 경우 제목, 저자명, 소속기관, 영문 제목, 영문 저자 명, 영문 소속기관, 영문 초록 및 영문 키워드, 서론, 연구대상 및 방법, 결과, 고찰 및 결론, 참고문헌, 표, 그림의 순으로 한다. 영문 논문일 경우 title, authors, institutions, abstract and keywords, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion and conclusion, references, tables, figures 순으로 한다. 종설, 증례, 논평, 에세이 및 단신(Brief Communication)의 경우에도 제목, 저자명, 소속기관, 영문 제목, 영문 저자명, 영문 소속기관, 영문 초 록 및 영문 키워드 등은 동일하게 작성하며, 본문에 해당하는 내용 은 원저 형식에 구애받지 않고 작성할 수 있다. 본문 이후 참고문헌 을 작성한다.
  • 2)
    표제지(title page): 논문 제목, 간추린 제목(running title, 영문 제목이 12 단어를 넘는 경우), 저자명 및 각 저자의 소속기관, 교신저자의 성명/주소/전화번호/팩스/이메일 주소, 모든 저자의 ORCID, 감사의 글 (Acknowledgement), 저자 기여도(Author contributions), 이해관계 선언(Conflicts of interest), 학술대회 발표, 연구비 지원(Funding) 등 해당 내용도 함께 기술한다(예시: 본 연구는 0000년도 0000 학술비 지원에 의해 이루어진 논문임/지원 내역이 없을 경우에는 ‘None’).
    <AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS 예시>
    Conceptualization: JEK, YHK. Data curation: NRP, JSP. Analysis and interpretation: NRP, JSP. Writing the original draft: NRP, JSP, YHK. Critical revision of the article: NRP, YHK. Final approval of the article: JEK, YHK. Overall responsibility: YHK.
    <FUNDING 예시>
    None.
  • 3)
    제목: 논문 제목은 간결하게 본문의 내용을 잘 나타낼 수 있도록 기술하며, 구나 문장으로 작성한다.
  • 4)
    초록과 색인단어(Keywords): 본문의 언어와 무관하게 초록은 영문으로 작성한다. 원저 초록 의 내용은 목적(Purpose), 방법(Methods), 결과(Results), 결론 (Conclusion)의 4항목을 굵게 표기하여 포함하며, 250 단어 이내 여야 한다.
    • -
      목적(Purpose): 본 연구를 통해 달성하고자 하는 목적이 무엇 인지를 1–2문장으로 간단명료하게 기술한다.
    • -
      방법(Methods): 첫 문단에 기술된 목적을 달성하기 위하여 무엇을 어떻게 하였는가를 구체적으로 기술한다. 어떤 자료를 수집하였으며, 이 자료를 어떻게 분석하였는지를 기술한다.
    • -
      결과(Results): 전 문단에 기술된 방법으로 관찰 및 분석한 결과가 어떠하였다는 내용을 논리적으로 기술하며 구체적인 자료를 제시한다. 번호로 항목을 나누지 않고 문장으로 연결해서 기술한다.
    • -
      결론(Conclusion): 본 연구의 결과로부터 도달된 결론을 1–2문장으로 기술하며, 이는 첫 문단에 기술된 연구의 목적에 부합된 것이어야 한다.
    그 외 원고의 초록은 비정형으로 작성하며, 종설과 증례의 초록은 200 단어 이내여야 한다. 초록 하단에 영문 색인단어(keywords)을 3–5개 기재하며, Medical Subject Heading (MeSH, https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/search)에 수록된 어휘를 선택한다.
  • 5)
    본문
    • (1)
      번호 표기 방식: 원고의 번호 표기 방식은 다음의 보기를 준수한다.
      <보기>
      Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법
      1. 연구대상 및 자료수집
          1) 연구대상분류
          (1) 연구대상
          ① 조종사
    • (2)
      고유명사, 일반 의약품명, 단위는 원어를 사용한다. 숫자는 아라비아어를 사용하며, 모든 단위는 국제표준단위(International System of Units, SI units) 사용을 원칙으로 한다(예: mm, cm, kg, mL). 혈압이나 온도는 mmHg, °C를 사용한다. 범위는 – (en dash)를 사용한다.
    • (3)
      생물체의 학명은 최초 사용 시 전체 이름을 풀어 표기하고(예: Toxocara canis), 이후 속명(genus)을 단축하여 첫 자만 쓴다
      (예: T. canis).
    • (4)
      신뢰도를 나타내는 P, 세균, 진균, 균류, 기생충을 포함한 생물체의 학명, 유전자명, in vivo, in vitro, in situ 등은 이탤릭체로 표기한다. P 값이 0.000로 나올 경우에는 (P<0.001)로, P 값이 1.000로 나올 경우에는 (P>0.999)로 기술한다.
    • (5)
      기계와 장비의 경우 괄호 안에 모델명, 제조회사를 기입한다. 시약명은 일반명으로 쓴다. 상품명은 필요한 경우가 아니면 사용하지 않으며, 불가피한 경우에는 제조회사를 괄호 안에 표시한다[예: 2X PCR Premix (Genenmed Inc.)].
    • (6)
      연구 대상에 대하여 생물학적 의미의 성(sex)과 사회문화학적 의미의 성(gender)이 올바른 용어로 사용되었는지 확인하고, 가능하다면 연구 참가자나 동물, 세포 등의 성별을 그 감별 방법과 함께 기술한다. 연구가 명백한 이유(전립선암 등) 없이한쪽 성만을 포함하는 등 특정 집단을 배제하였다면 그 이유를 기술한다. 또한 인종, 민족을 어떤 기준으로 정의했는지와 적절한 연관성도 기술한다.
    • (7)
      문헌의 인용은 Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers 제2판(2007) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine)을 참고한다. 본문 내 인용 순서에 따라 번호를 붙이고 숫자를 괄호 [ ]로 표시한다. 두 개의 문헌을 함께 인용한 경우 두 개의 숫자 사이에 쉼표를 기재한다. 세 개 이상의 문헌을 함께 인용한 경우에는 문헌번호가 연속되면 번호 사이에 하이픈을 기재하고, 문헌번호가 연속되지 않으면 쉼표를 사용한다(예: [1], [2,3], [4-6]). 본문 내 저자 기술 시, 저자가 1인 또는 2인인 경우에는 모두의 성(영문)을 표기한다. 저자가 3인 이상인 경우부터 제1저자의 성 뒤에 등(等)을 표기한다.
  • 6)
    표와 그림: 표는 Table로, 그림이나 사진 및 그래프는 약어 Fig.로 기술하며 인용된 순서에 따라 번호를 붙인다. 표와 그림 설명은 영문으로 기술하며 인명, 고유명사, 약어, 특수한 기호 등을 제외하고는 문장의 첫 자만 대문자로 표기한다.
    예) Table 1. Clinical test results at diagnosis
    Fig. 1. Number of accidents by air refueling method.
    표, 그림, 사진의 내용은 이해하기 쉽고 독자적 기능을 할 수 있 어야 하며, 표와 그림의 내용이 중복되지 않도록 한다. 약어는 풀 이형을 Table의 풋노트와 Figure의 레전드에 기재하여야 한다. 어 깨글자의 위치는 단어 우측에 하며 a), b), c), d)의 순서대로 사용 한다. 통계수치를 제시할 경우 평균과 표준편차(SD), 표준오차(SE) 등을 함께 밝힌다. 표 하단의 설명은 데이터 형식 설명, 약어풀이, 어깨글자 설명의 순으로 한다. 그림에 있는 글자, 숫자, 화살표, 상 징은 명확하며, 축소되어 출판되었을 경우에도 잘 보이도록 충분 한 크기여야 한다. 그림에 상징이나 화살표가 사용되었을 경우에는 이를 설명하여야 한다. 그림이 현미경 사진일 경우 염색방법과 염색배율을 그림 설명에 추가한다. 그림이 두 개 이상으로 구성 된 경우에는 각각 설명하거나[예: (A) Chest radiograph shows... (B) Transverse CT scan demonstrates...] 한꺼번에 설명하고 괄 호 안에 A, B를 표기할 수도 있다[예: (A, B) CT scans obtained at levels of great vessels...]. 그림 파일은 600 dpi 이상의 해상도로 준비하고, TIFF 형식으로 제출한다.
  • 7)
    영문교정: 영문 논문을 투고할 때에는 전문기관으로부터 영문 교정증명서를 발급받아 논문과 함께 제출하여야 한다.
    집필규정에 따라 원고 작성하여야 하며, 이 규정에 적지 않은 내용은 International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)의 Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf) 또는 편집위원회 결정에 따른다.
  • 8)
    감사의 글(Acknowledgment): 감사의 글(Acknowledgment)은 투고논문에 한하여 인정한다.

모두 영문으로 기술하고, Vancouver style에 따라 본문에 인용된 순으로 나열한다. 학술지명은 미국국립의학도서관의 학술지 약어(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=journals)와 KoreaMed 학술지 약어(https://www.koreamed.org/JournalBrowserNew.php)를 사용한다. 저자명은 6인 이하의 경우 저자명을 모두 쓰고, 7명 이상일 경우에는 6인까지 기재하고 그 뒤에 et al.을 기재한다. 이 규정에 명시되지 않은 사항은 NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers (http://www. nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine)에 따른다.

예시

  • 1)
    학술지 논문: Yoo SH, Lee J, Lee K, Lee I, Bae JM. Ethical principles and practice guidelines concerning the usage of public database for medical researches. J Korean Med Assoc 2013;56:1031-1038.
  • 2)
    단행본: Kim JS. Cerebral stroke. Garim Publishing Co; 2001.
  • 3)
    단행본 내 단원: Lee SH. Role of chemotherapy on brain metastasis. In: Kim DG, Lunsford LD, editors. Current and future management of brain metastasis. Karger; 2012. p. 110-114.
  • 4)
    온라인 자료: Korean Academy of Medical Science. Subspecialist program [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Academy of Medical Science; 2010 [cited 2013 Dec 28]. Available from: http://www.kams.or.kr/meminfo/sub1.html.
  • 1)
    원고 제출: 논문 심사 및 게재를 위한 논문 제출 시 논문원고, 표, 그래프, 사진 및 기타 관련서식이 포함된 파일을 아래 온라인 투고시스템 주소로 제출한다.
    http://www.kjasem.org/submission
  • 2)
    전문가 심사: 모든 원고는 2인의 심의위원에게 전문가 심사를 받으며, 채택여부는 편집위원회에서 결정한다. 기타 전문가 심사에 대한 사항은 Council of Science Editors Board of Directors Editorial Policy Statements (http://www.councilscienceeditors.org)에 따른다. 심의위원의 견해는 객관적이어야 하고, 어떠한 이해관계도 없어야 하며, 심사대상 원고에 대한 비밀을 지켜야 한다.
  • 3)
    심사 결과 통보: 제출된 원고에 대하여 편집위원회는 그 게재 여부를 결정하며 논문의 수정, 보완 또는 삭제를 요구할 수 있다. 또한 편집인은 원고 중 필요할 때에는 원문에 영향을 미치지 않는 범위 내에서 자구와 체제 등을 수정할 수 있다.
  • 4)
    심사료 및 게재료: 논문의 심사료는 없으나, 게재확정이 된 이후에는 2만원의 게재료를 협회에 납부하여야 한다. 별책 인쇄는 50부 단위로 수익자 부담으로 신청할 수 있으며 그림을 컬러로 인쇄 시 별도 비용이 추가된다.

논문의 내용에 관한 모든 저작권은 한국항공우주의학협회가 소유하며, 교신저자를 포함한 모든 저자는 원고 제출하면서 저작권 이양에 관한 동의서에 서명하여야 한다. 따로 명시하지 않는 한 저작권은 영구히 한국항공우주의학협회가 소유한다. 본 학술지는 Open Access 학술지로서 게재된 원고의 일부 또는 전부는 Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License에 따라 상업 목적이 아닌 한 원전을 밝히면서 연구 또는 교육용으로 활용할 수 있다.

Instructions for Authors

Our journal’s name is The Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine (Korean J Aerosp Environ Med, KJAsEM). The KJAsEM is an official journal of the Aerospace Medical Association of Korea, and its affiliated societies (the Korean Academy of Aerospace Medicine, the Korean Academy of Aerospace Human Factors and the Korean Academy of Aviation Health Nursing). The KJAsEM is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to publish papers that can help fulfill the mission of “improving aviation workers and passengers’ health and safety and exploring the latest knowledge in aerospace medicine.” Therefore, the manuscript submitted to the KJAsEM should be an original manuscript that could contribute to academic knowledge related to aerospace medicine and physiology, human factors, and nursing.

Categories of publications are Original Articles, Review Articles, Case Reports, Letters to Editors, Essays and Brief Communications.

The Original Articles contain research results in the field of basic aerospace or clinical medicine, and should be systematically described so that readers can understand it easily.

Review Articles are submitted at the request of the editorial board, and may include various research areas, the latest knowledge, and systematic review of thesis in the field of aerospace science.

Case Reports, Letters to Editors, Essays and Brief Communications include reports on cases and topics that are important to researchers in the field.

To submit a manuscript to KJAsEM, it is advised to first carefully read the aims and scope section of this journal, as it provides information on the editorial policy and the category of the papers that it accepts from authors. Manuscripts should be prepared for submission to KJAsEM according to the following instructions. KJAsEM adheres completely to the guidelines and best practices published by professional organizations, including “Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals” from International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE; http://www.icmje.org) and “Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing” from Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) (https://doaj.org/bestpractice) if otherwise not described below.

For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instruction, “Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (2019, https://www.kamje.or.kr/board/view?b_name=bo_publication&bo_id=13&per_page=)” or “COPE Guidelines on Good Publication (http://publicationethics.org/resources/guidelines)” can be applied.

1. Conflict-of-interest statement
A conflict of interest may exist when an author (or the author’s institution or employer) has financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence (or bias) the author’s decisions, work, or manuscript.

Corresponding author of an article is asked to let the Editor-in-Chief know potential conflict of interest possibly influencing their interpretation of data. Potential conflict of interest is applied even when the authors are confident that their judgments have not been influenced in the manuscript. Such conflicts may be financial supports or connections to pharmaceutical companies, political pressure from interest groups, or academic problems. Even if all authors are convinced that a potential conflict of interest has not affected the manuscript preparation process at all, it should be described in the manuscript. The disclosure form for potential conflicts of interest follows the Uniform Disclosure Form provided by ICMJE (http://www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf).

2. Statement of human and animal right
Clinical research should be done in accordance of the “Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects,” outlined in the Helsinki Declaration (2013, https://www.wma.net/what-we-do/medical-ethics/declaration-of-helsinki/). Clinical studies that do not meet the Helsinki Declaration will not be considered for use in the publication. Human subjects should not be identifiable, such that the confidentiality of the patient’s names, initials, hospital numbers, dates of birth, or other protected healthcare information should not be disclosed. If identifying information is essential for scientific purposes, authors must provide a signed statement from the patient granting approval for the publication of identifying materials, including photographs. For animal subjects, research should be performed based on the National or Institutional Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and the ethical treatment of all experimental animals should be maintained.

3. Statement of informed consent and Institutional Review Board approval
Copies of written informed consents should be kept for studies on human subjects. For the clinical studies with human subjects, there should be a certificate, an agreement, or the approval by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the author’s affiliated institution and it should be stated in the manuscript. If necessary, the editor or reviewers may request copies of these documents to resolve any questions regarding IRB approval and study conduct.

4. Registration of the clinical trial research
Any research that deals with a clinical trial should be registered with the primary national clinical trial registry site such as the Korea Clinical Research Information Service (CRIS, http://cris.nih.go.kr), other primary national registry sites accredited by the World Health Organization (https://www.who.int/clinical-trials-registry-platform), or ClinicalTrials.gov (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/), a service of the United States National Institutes of Health.

5. Authorship
The corresponding author must be the author who directly contacts the editorial board during the manuscript submission, peer review, and publication process, and must cooperate with the editorial board’s requests, such as providing author information, approval by the ethics committee, registering clinical trials, and collecting statements of interest. Even after publication, the corresponding author must reply to comments on the manuscript, and cooperate if the editorial committee requests data or additional information used in the manuscript. It is important to understand that authorship credit should be based on (1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, and/or analysis and interpretation of data; (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; (3) final approval of the version to be published; and (4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Every author should meet all of these four conditions for every submitted manuscript to KJAsEM. If the conditions are not met, they can be listed as a contributor in the Acknowledgement. Corresponding authors can determine the contribution of the authors and recognize co-first authors or co-responsible authors.

After the initial submission of a manuscript, any changes whatsoever in authorship (adding author(s), deleting author(s), or re-arranging the order of authors) must be explained by a letter to the editor from the authors concerned. This letter must be signed by all authors of the paper. Copyright assignment must also be completed by every author.

Correction of authorship: KJAsEM does not correct authorship after publication unless a mistake has been made by the editorial staff. Authorship may be changed before publication but after submission when an authorship correction is requested by all of the authors involved with the manuscript.

6. Originality, plagiarism, and duplicate publication
Submitted manuscripts must not have been previously published in any context, or be under consideration for publication elsewhere. No part of the accepted manuscript should be duplicated in any other scientific journal without the express written permission of the Editorial Board. This restriction does not apply to abstracts or press reports published in connection with scientific meetings.

Submitted manuscripts are screened for possible plagiarism or duplicate publication by the use of Similarity Check upon arrival. If plagiarism or duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal is detected, the manuscripts may be rejected, the authors will be announced in the journal, and their institutions will be informed of this situation. There will also be penalties that will be assessed and applied for the authors if this incident occurs.

A letter of permission is required for any and all material that has been published previously. It is the responsibility of the author to request permission from the publisher for any material that is being reproduced or considered for reproduction by KJAsEM. This requirement applies to text, figures, and tables.

7. Secondary publication
It is possible to republish manuscripts if the manuscripts satisfy the conditions of secondary publication of the ICMJE Recommendations (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/).

8. Process for managing research and publication misconduct
When the journal faces suspected cases of research and publication misconduct such as redundant (duplicate) publication, plagiarism, fraudulent or fabricated data, changes in authorship, an undisclosed conflict of interest, ethical problems with a submitted manuscript, a reviewer who has appropriated an author’s idea or data, complaints against editors, and so on, the resolution process will be completed following the procedures outlined in the flowchart provided by the COPE (https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Flowcharts). The discussion and decision on the suspected cases will be carried out by the Editorial Board.

9. Process for handling cases requiring corrections, retractions, and editorial expressions of concern
Cases that require editorial expressions of concern or retraction shall follow the COPE flowcharts (http://publicationethics.org/resources/flowcharts). If a correction is required, the procedure to provide the correction will follow the ICMJE Recommendation (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/corrections-and-version-control.html).

10. Editorial responsibilities
The Editorial Board will continuously work to monitor and safeguard publication ethics: guidelines for retracting articles; maintenance of the integrity of the academic record; preclusion of business needs from compromising intellectual and ethical standards; publishing corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies when needed; and excluding plagiarism and fraudulent data. The editors maintain the following responsibilities: responsibility and authority to reject and accept articles; avoiding any conflict of interest with respect to articles they reject or accept; promoting publication of corrections or retractions when errors are found; and the preservation of the anonymity of reviewers.

1. Copyrights
A submitted manuscript, when published will become the property of the journal. The copyrights of all published materials are owned by the Aerospace Medical Association of Korea (ASMAK).

Upon acceptance of an article, authors will be asked to transfer the copyright for their content to ASMAK. This transfer will ensure the widest possible dissemination of information to the readers. A letter will be sent to the corresponding author confirming receipt of the manuscript. A form facilitating transfer of copyright will be provided to the author of the manuscript at that time.

If excerpts from other copyrighted works are included, the author(s) must obtain written permission from the copyright owners and credit the source(s) in the article.

2. Open access
Articles published in KJAsEM are open-access, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and the reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.

3. Archiving policy
Full text of KJAsEM has been archived in National Library of Korea (https://www.nl.go.kr/) from the first volume, 1991. According to the deposit policy (self-archiving policy) of Sherpa/Romeo (http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/), authors cannot archive pre-print (i.e., pre-refereeing), but they can archive post-print (i.e., final draft post-refereeing). Authors can archive publisher’s version/PDF. KJAsEM provides the electronic backup and preservation of access to the journal content in the event the journal is no longer published by archiving in National Library of Korea.

4. Open data policy
For clarification on result accuracy and reproducibility of the results, raw data or analysis data will be deposited to a public repository or KJAsEM homepage after acceptance of the manuscript. Therefore, submission of the raw data or analysis data is mandatory. If the data is already a public one, its URL site or sources should be disclosed. If data cannot be publicized, it can be negotiated with the editor. If there are any inquiries on depositing data, authors should contact the Editorial Office for more information.

5. Clinical data sharing policy
This journal follows the data sharing policy described in “Data Sharing Statements for Clinical Trials: A Requirement of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors” (https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2017.32.7.1051). As of May 1 2020, manuscripts submitted to KJAsEM that report the results of clinical trials must contain a data sharing statement. Clinical trials that begin enrolling participants on or after January 1, 2019 must include a data sharing plan in the trial’s registration. The ICMJE’s policy regarding trial registration is explained at https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/publishing-and-editorial-issues/clinical-trial-registration.html. If the data sharing plan changes after registration this information should be reflected in the statement submitted and published with the manuscript, as well as being updated in the registry record.

1. Format
Write submissions in Korean or English using Microsoft Word program with characteristic double line-spacing on one side of single A4 sheets (210 mm×297 mm) with a margin of 3 cm on every side. Page number: Number pages consecutively in the upper right-hand corner, beginning with the abstract as the first pages listed as page 1. Neither the author’s names nor their affiliations should appear on the manuscript pages. The manuscript should be written in the following order: title, authors, institutions, abstract and key words, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion and conclusion, references, tables, figures. KJAsEM publishes Original Articles, Review Articles, Case Reports, Letters to Editors, Essays and Brief Communications. As for Original Article, the structured abstract and main text is needed.

2. Title page
This should contain the title of an article, the full names of authors and the author’s institutional affiliation(s). If there are several authors, and the institutions are listed, they should be clearly indicated with which department and institution each author is affiliated. In a separate paragraph, address for correspondence, including the name of corresponding author and address (institutional affiliation, city, zip-code and country, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail address) should be given). Information concerning sources of financial support should be placed as a footnote. A running title should not be inclusive of declarative or interrogative sentences. And ORCID of all authors, Acknowledgement, Funding, Conflicts of interest, announcement of conference presentation, financial support, and Author contributions must be mentioned.

ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID)
Authors are recommended to provide an ORCID. To obtain an ORCID, authors should register in the ORCID website: http://orcid.org. Registration is free to every researcher in the world.

Acknowledgements
This section should include the list of names for all persons who have made substantial contribution, but who are not eligible as authors are named in acknowledgements. At the first submission, this information should be included in title page.

Funding
The information concerning sources of financial support should be included in this section. At the first submission, this information should be included in title page.

Author contributions
Example) Conceptualization: JEK, YHK. Data curation: NRP, JSP. Analysis and interpretation: NRP, JSP. Writing the original draft: NRP, JSP, YHK. Critical revision of the article: NRP, YHK. Final approval of the article: JEK, YHK. Overall responsibility: YHK.

Conflict of interest
At the end of the text, under a subheading “Conflict of Interest” all authors must disclose if applicable any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence their work. At the first submission, this information should be included in title page.

3. Abstract & keywords
Even in case of manuscripts written in Korean language, the abstract should be written in English. The abstract should be concise and describe the subject of research concisely, in a paragraph. Abstracts should be in structured format with a word limit of 250 words for original articles.
As for Original Articles, we recommend using the following subheads:
-Purpose: State the objective or question addressed by the research. Any hypothesis should also be stated.
-Materials and Methods: Describe the basic experimental design of the study. The number of subjects and how they were selected should be provided.
-Results: State the main results of the study.
-Conclusion: State the conclusions of the study that are directly supported by the data, along with the clinical implications or applicability.
For other types of manuscript, unstructured abstracts within 200 words are required.
If there are any abbreviations, if needed, they should be kept to absolute minimum with the proper accompanying identifications. Three to five keywords should be listed at the bottom of abstract to be used as index terms. For the selection of keywords, refer Medical Subject Heading (MeSH, https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/search).

4. Main text
1) Main heading
As for Original Articles, submitted texts should be organized with the manuscript divided into four main headings: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, and Discussion. Other descriptive headings and subheadings may be used if appropriate.

-Introduction: Brief background, references to the most pertinent papers generally enough to inform the readers of the topic, and relevant findings of others are described. The specific question to which the author’s particular investigation is studied should be also described.

-Materials and Methods: Explanation of the experimental methods should be concise and sufficient for repetition by other qualified investigators. The procedures that have been published previously should not be described in detail. However, any new or significant modifications of previously published procedures need full descriptions in this area. The sources of special chemicals or preparations should be given along with their location (name of company, city and state, and country). Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer). Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance. The method of statistical analyses and criteria of significance level should be described.

-Results: This part of the work should be presented logically using text, table and illustrations. Excessive repetition of table or figure contents should be avoided to reduce reader confusion.

-Discussion: The data should be interpreted concisely without repeating materials already presented in the results section. Speculation is permitted in this section, but it must be supported by the presented data of authors and be well founded based on evidence-based conclusions and results.

-Conclusion: State the conclusions of the study that are directly supported by the data, along with the clinical implications or applicability.

2) Numbering: The manuscript numbering method follows the example below.

  • Ⅱ. Materials and Methods
    1. Data collection
        1) Classification
        (1) Subject
        ① Pilot

3) Units of measurement
Authors should express all measurements according to the established System International (SI) units with some exceptions such as seconds, mmHg, or °C.

4) The scientific name of an organism should be written as full name when first used (e.g., Toxocara canis), and then the genus is shortened and only the first letter is written (e.g., T. canis).

5) P, which indicates reliability, scientific names of organisms including bacteria, fungi, fungi, and parasites, gene names, in vivo, in vitro, in situ, etc. should be written in italics. If the P value is 0.000, it is described as (P<0.001), and if the P value is 1.000, it is described as (P>0.999).

6) Name of medicines or instruments
Generic names should be used whenever possible in the submitted text. When proprietary brands are used in research, include the brand name and the name of the manufacturer.

7) Abbreviations
Except for when being utilized with units of measurement, abbreviations of words are strongly discouraged. Except for units of measurement, the first time an abbreviation appears, it should be preceded by the words for which it stands.

8) Term of sex/gender
Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer).

5. References
In the text, references should be cited with Arabic numerals in brackets, numbered in the order cited. When describing the authors in the text, if there are one or two authors, the last names of all (in English) should be indicated. Starting with three or more authors, the first author’s last name should be followed by et al (e.g., Kim and Smith [1], Park et al [2], [3,4], [5-7]). In the references section, the references should be numbered and listed in order of appearance in the text.

All references should be described in English and listed in the order of citation in the text according to the Vancouver style. Journal names should be written as the abbreviations of the journals of the National Library of Medicine (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=journals) and the abbreviations of KoreaMed journals (https://www.koreamed.org/JournalBrowserNew.php).

Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and correct text citations. Papers in press may be listed among the references with the journal name and the tentative year of publication. Unpublished data and personal communications are not allowed as references to publishing dates. Accepted but unpublished papers (but not submitted manuscripts) can be referenced as ‘in press’ (in this case, DOI should be added).

List all authors up to six in number. If there are more than six authors, list the first six and add “et al” to the last author’s name.

Examples of acceptable referencing and citations for an article in a journal [1], an entire book [2], for a book chapter [3], and online source [4] would be:
[1] Yoo SH, Lee J, Lee K, Lee I, Bae JM. Ethical principles and practice guidelines concerning the usage of public database for medical researches. J Korean Med Assoc 2013;56:1031-1038.
[2] Kim JS. Cerebral stroke. Garim Publishing Co; 2001.
[3] Lee SH. Role of chemotherapy on brain metastasis. In: Kim DG, Lunsford LD, editors. Current and future management of brain metastasis. Karger; 2012. p. 110-114.
[4] Korean Academy of Medical Science. Sub-specialist program [Internet]. Seoul: Korean Academy of Medical Science; 2010 [cited 2013 Dec 28]. Available from: http://www.kams.or.kr/meminfo/sub1.html
All other references should be listed as shown in NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine).

6. Tables
Tables must be cited in the order in which they appear in the text using Arabic numerals to describe the tables. The table’s legend must be written in English. When footnotes are used utilize the following symbols, in sequence: a), b), c). When presenting statistical values, indicate the mean, standard deviation (SD), and standard error (SE) together. The explanation at the bottom of the table is in the order of data format description, abbreviation, and superscript description. All units of measurement and concentration should be designated. Exponential terminology is discouraged.

7. Figures
Any figures utilized in the manuscript must be cited in the order they appear in the text using Arabic numerals. Figure legends must be written in English and should appear within the document in a separate section after the references. It is noted that figure legends are required for all article types and should be double-spaced in the manuscript. All relevant and explanatory information extraneous to the actual figure, including figure part labels, footnotes, abbreviations, acronyms, arrows, and levels of magnification in insets, should be defined in the legend text and clearly stated. In the case of two or more pictures, they can be explained individually [Example: (A) Chest radiograph shows... (B) Transverse CT scan demonstrates...], and A and B can be written in parentheses [Example : (A, B) CT scans obtained at levels of great vessels...]. All black and white illustrations will be published without charge. Authors will be charged for all color illustrations. The Publisher will provide, upon request, an estimate of the cost of complete or four-color artwork.

Digital art needs to be created/scanned and saved and submitted as a TIFF (tagged image file format), an EPS (encapsulated postscript), or PPT (Power Point) files. Electronic photographs (radiographs, CT/ MRI scans, and scanned images) must have a resolution of at least 600 dpi. If fonts are used in the submitted artwork, they must be converted to paths or outlines or they must be embedded in the files. Any color images must be created/scanned and saved and submitted as CMYK files. Additionally, cite figures consecutively in the text, and number them in the order in which they are discussed.

1. Submission
All manuscripts should be submitted via e-submission system (https://www.kjasem.org/submission). This is done by logging into your account, after which the online system will guide you step-by-step through the submission process. All articles submitted to the Journal must comply with the given instructions as stated. If there are any noted difficulties experienced by the authors, please feel free to contact the Editorial Office with any questions relating to this process (asmak@hanmail.net).

Author’s checklist: You will be provided the Author’s checklist. Before you submit your new manuscript, please ensure that every point listed in the Author’s Checklist has been addressed; you will be asked to confirm that you have done so before the manuscript can be considered for publication.

Document forms: Before the author logs into the online submission system, the submitting author should prepare the following documents, because the author will be asked to upload these documents during the electronic submission:

Cover letter: A Cover letter indicating the address, telephone and fax numbers, and E-mail address of the corresponding author must be submitted with the manuscript. English proof-reading (in case of English manuscripts): Although not obligatory, the corresponding author can provide a certificate of English Proof-Reading, which certifies that the manuscript has been edited by an English Proofreading Service.

2. Screening before review
If the manuscript does not fit the aims and scope of the Journal, or does not adhere to the Instructions for Authors, it may be returned to the author immediately after receipt and without a review from the publisher. Before reviewing, all submitted manuscripts are inspected by Similarity Check powered by iThenticate (http://www.ithenticate.com/), a plagiarism-screening tool. If there is a too high a degree of similarity score found in the submitted manuscript as indicated by the score of the checker, the Editorial Board will do a more profound content screening. The criterion for similarity rate for further screening is usually 15%, this means that no more than 15% of the manuscript may be found to be similar to another already published manuscript. However, the excess amount of similarity in specific sentences may be also checked in every manuscript. For this reason, it is imperative that the author checks the manuscript before submission to rule out similarities to other published works. The settings for the Similarity Check screening works as follows: The tool excludes information from the total score of the reviewed manuscript which are quotes, the bibliography, any small matches of six words that are deemed to be similar, small sources of 1%, and the Methods section of the study.

3. Peer review
A manuscript is sent to the two most relevant investigators for a thorough review of the contents. The editor selects peer referees by recommendation of the Editorial Board members, or from the specialist database owned by the Editorial Board. If the Editorial Board decides it to be necessary, a further review for statistics may be additionally requested from the author. For this review, the names and affiliations of the authors are blinded as a process. A manuscript is also reviewed for English (in case of manuscript written in English).

Acceptance of the manuscript is decided based on the critiques and recommended decision of the referees. A referee’s decision is made as “Accept without revision,” “Acceptance with minor revision,” “Major revision,” and “Reject.” If there is marked discrepancy in the decisions between two referees or in opinions between the author and referee(s), the Editor may send the manuscript to another referee for additional comments and a recommended decision in that case. The reviewed manuscripts are returned back to the corresponding author with accompanying comments and recommended revisions. The names and decisions of the referees are masked and are not provided to the submitting party. A final decision on acceptance or rejection of the manuscript for publication is forwarded to the corresponding author from the Editorial Office. The usual reasons of rejection are insufficient originality, serious scientific flaws, poor quality of illustrations, or absence of a message that might be important to readers. The peer review process usually takes 4 weeks after the manuscript submission for review.

Revisions are usually requested to the author to take account of criticism and comments made by referees. Failure to resubmit the revised manuscript within 4 weeks is regarded as a withdrawal. The corresponding author must indicate clearly what alterations have been made in response to the referee’s comments on a point by point basis. The author should resubmit any acceptable reasons which would be given for explaining the noncompliance with any recommendation of the referees.

4. Appeals of decisions
Any appeal against the editorial decision to publish a text must be made within 2 weeks of the date of the decision letter. Authors who wish to appeal a decision should contact the Editor-in-Chief, explaining in detail their reasons for the appeal. All appeals will be discussed with at least one other associate editor. If the associate editor(s) does (do) not agree, the appeal will be discussed at a full editorial meeting. KJAsEM does not consider any second appeals and will reject any that are submitted regarding a manuscript.

1. Final version
After the paper has been accepted for publication, the author(s) should submit the final version of the manuscript for review. The names and affiliations of the authors should be double-checked to omit any spelling errors, and if the originally submitted image files were of poor resolution, higher resolution image files should be submitted at this time. Color images must be created as CMYK files. The electronic original should be sent for review with appropriate labeling and arrows. The EPS, TIFF, Adobe Photoshop (PSD), JPEG, and PPT formats are preferred for submission of digital files of photographic images. Symbols (e.g., circles, triangles, squares), letters (e.g., words, abbreviations), and numbers should be large enough to be legible on reduction to the journal’s column widths. All of the symbols that are used must be defined in the figure caption. If the symbols are too complex to appear in the caption, they should appear on the illustration itself, within the area of the graph or diagram, not to the side of the illustration. If references, tables, or figures are moved, added, or deleted during the revision process, they should be renumbered to reflect such changes in order that all tables, references, and figures are cited in numeric order.

2. Manuscript corrections
KJAsEM provides the corresponding author with galley proofs for their correction. Corrections should be kept to minimum on these proofs to avoid a complete rewriting of the manuscript at that time. The Editor retains the prerogative to question minor stylistic alterations and major alterations that have been made by Editors that might affect the scientific content of the paper. Fault found after the publication is a responsibility of the authors. We urge our contributors to proofread and their accepted manuscript very carefully before acknowledging the manuscript as completed and ready for publishing. The corresponding author may be contacted by the Editorial Office, depending on the nature of correction in proof. If the proof is not returned to the Editorial Office within 2 days, it may be necessary to reschedule the paper for a subsequent issue.

3. Article processing charges
There is no submission fee for the submission of manuscripts to the publisher. But article processing charges are required for manuscripts that are considered for publication in KJAsEM. These fees cover some of the costs of publication as well as open access online editions in the journal website. The charged fee is 20,000 KRW for all manuscripts written in Korean/English language. When ordering reprints, the author is responsible for paying additional charge of every 50 reprints. If the figures of reprints are published in color, additional charge is required.

1. Errors
If the authors or readers find any errors present in the manuscript as written, or any contents information that should be revised, these changes can be requested from the Editorial Board. The Editorial Board may consider erratum, corrigendum, or a retraction. If there are any revisions to the article, there will be a CrossMark description to announce the final draft. If there is a reader’s opinion on the published article with the form of Letter to the Editor, it will be forwarded to the authors for subsequent review. The authors are able to reply to the reader’s letter. The letter to the editor and the author’s reply may be also published.

2. Complaints and appeals
The policy of KJAsEM is primarily aimed at protecting the authors, reviewers, editors, and the publisher of the journal. The process of handling complaints and appeals follows the guidelines of the COPE as noted as available from: https://publicationethics.org/appeals.

All copyrights related to the contents of the manuscript are owned by the Korea Aerospace Sciences Association, and all authors, including the corresponding author, must sign a copyright transfer agreement while submitting the manuscript. Unless otherwise specified, the copyright is permanently owned by the Korea Aerospace Sciences Association. The articles of the journal can be used for research or education if the user discloses the reference unless it is for commercial purposes under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License.

Journal Info

The Korean Journal of Aerospace and Environmental Medicine
December 2024
Vol.34 No.4

pISSN 1738-2548
eISSN 2713-9972

Archives

Editorial Office

Most Articles

KORENG
  • Original Article2023-06-30

    비행훈련 시 학생조종사 인적요인 영향에 대하여

    Abstract : Purpose: Most aviation accidents are caused by human factors, and in recent years in Korea, human factors have been identified as the cause of 70% of aviation accidents. Human factors that influence pilots in the aviation field are closely linked to judgment ability and are crucial factors directly impacting flight proficiency. Methods: To explore the human factors that may affect student pilots during flight training, a survey was conducted among flight instructors holding pilot certificates. Results: The results aim not only to identify the human factors that can influence flight performance during training but also to establish a direction for safety by addressing the human factors related to student pilots, with the goal of maintaining safety. Conclusion: Understanding the human factors that affect student pilots, who will be responsible for transporting hundreds of passengers in the future, is essential for cultivating safety knowledge and risk management skills, making it a highly important matter for accident prevention.

  • Case Report2023-12-31

    Deterioration and Recurrence in Flight Passengers with Ischemic Stroke: An Evidence Based Case Report

    Abstract : Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease characterized by a sudden neurological deficit due to thrombotic or embolic event. The physiological changes during in-flight related to high altitude, hypobaric hypoxic, is a condition that can affect blood circulation in the brain. There was limited evidence to prove the possibility of clinical condition deterioration and/or new onset of recurrent stroke among commercial flight passengers with ischemic stroke. This evidence-based case report aims to determine the possibility of clinical condition deterioration and/or new onset of recurrent stroke on commercial flight passengers with history of ischemic stroke related to hypoxia hypobaric during the in-flight or post-flight period. Three relevant articles were found in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Ingenta library databases. After critical appraisal, all of the relevant articles were shown to be valid, important, and applicability with the level of evidence ranging from III–IV. There were no studies that reported a clinical condition deterioration and/or a new onset of recurrent stroke among commercial flight passengers with ischemic stroke. However, two studies reported a new case of ischemic stroke during in-flight with unknown etiology. Commercial flight passengers with history of ischemic stroke didn’t show any clinical condition deterioration and/or a new onset of ischemi stroke during in-flight or post-flight.

  • Original Article2023-03-31

    항공학과 학생들의 MBTI 성격 유형별 조직몰입 및 팀워크 역량 차이분석

    Abstract : Purpose: For students who have already decided on their career path by entering the aviation departments, this study aims to analyze organizational commitment and teamwork relationships using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality type as a tool. Methods: In order to investigate the career choices of aviation workers according to MBTI personality types, a survey was conducted targeting enrolled in and graduating from the aviation departments, and organizational commitment and teawork were analyzed using SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: Sening, Feeling, and Perceiving were mainly found in students who chose cabin crew as their career, whereas students in department of flight crew and aviation maintenance showed high level in Instuition, Thinkg, and Juding. As a result of the analysis, the MBTI type for each career path of aviation students was mainly ENTP for flight crew students, ESFP for cabin crew students, and INTP for aviation maintenance students. Conclusion: Even if students make their choice based on advice, subjective and objective judgments in choosing a career path, there are cases in which the chosen job does not suit them. Therefore, it is hoped that various indicators such as the MBTI will be used to help studnes choose their career path.

  • Review Article2023-09-30

    항공분야에서의 블록체인 기술 현황

    Abstract : Blockchain is a type of distributed database managed through multiple network transaction details (P2P, Peer to Peer), and transaction information is stored on multiple computers (nodes) connected to the blockchain network instead of storing it in one server. It is an algorithm that binds transaction details to form blocks, connects multiple blocks like a chain, and then copies and distributes them by a large number of people. In the case of the aviation industry, it is worth making full use of blockchain technology to revolutionize existing systems and business processes in terms of cost and transaction transparency, so blockchain can become one of the innovative technologies that will change the paradigm of the aviation industry. As the blockchain market is still in an immature stage and the development of technology is expected in the future, it is necessary to prepare support measures to lead and preempt the global blockchain market in the future through development support and cooperation that can be actively used in the field.

  • Review Article2023-09-30

    SHELL 모델에 근거한 의료사고 인적요인 분석의 탐색적 연구

    Abstract : The SHELL (Software, Hardware, Environment, Liveware) model is one of the models for determining the cause of aviation accidents. The human factors of medical accidents are analyzed through the SHELL model. This study is a case study that analyzed a total of three cases, including two medical accident court precedents and one large fire at a medical institution. In the human factor analysis of cases 1 and 2, the main factors were that liveware (human) violated the duty of care and did not follow the guidelines of the institution. The large fire incident in the hospital in Case 3 was caused by a lack of awareness of the safety of managers, the installation of illegal facilities and environments, lack of medical staff’s response and training, and the condition of patients who were mostly elderly. The liveware at the center of the SHELL model is the most important human factor, and the environment, facilities, and equipment surrounding liveware must be supplemented to prevent future medical accidents.

  • Review Article2024-09-30

    Effects of Microgravity on Muscle and Bone Health in Astronauts During Space Missions: Preventive Procedures and Medical Interventions

    Abstract : This study examines the effects of microgravity and space radiation on astronauts’ muscle and bone health during space missions. Microgravity leads to muscle atrophy and alterations in muscle tissue composition, whereas space radiation impacts bone cells by increasing osteoclast activity and decreasing osteoblast activity. The findings underscore the critical need for preventive measures, post-mission rehabilitation, and the use of specialized equipment and technology—such as microgravity-adapted treadmills and nutritional supplements—to sustain astronaut health. This study lays the groundwork for developing effective protection and intervention strategies for long-duration space exploration, highlighting the necessity of a thorough understanding of how the space environment affects the human body to ensure optimal health and performance in space.

  • Review Article2024-03-31

    항공교통관제분야 교대근무자를 위한 피로관리 전략

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

Most Articles
KORENG
  • Review Article2020-04-30

    Effects of Microgravity on Human Physiology

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Original Article2020-04-30

    항공종사자 건강증진활동계획에 반영되어야 할 근거자료: 3년간의 항공신체검사 결과 분석

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Review Article2020-04-30

    한국형 기내 의학적 상황 대처 방안 안내서

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Review Article2020-08-31

    피로위험관리를 위한 조종사 피로측정방법 고찰

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Original Article2020-08-31

    최근 5년간 국적항공사 조종사의 항공신체검사 부적합 판정결과

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Review Article2023-03-31

    중대재해처벌법 시행에 따른 항공분야 위험성 평가 기법 연구

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Review Article2023-03-31

    The Improvement of Pilot Fatigue Management

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

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KORENG
  • Review Article2023-09-30

    SHELL 모델에 근거한 의료사고 인적요인 분석의 탐색적 연구

    Abstract : The SHELL (Software, Hardware, Environment, Liveware) model is one of the models for determining the cause of aviation accidents. The human factors of medical accidents are analyzed through the SHELL model. This study is a case study that analyzed a total of three cases, including two medical accident court precedents and one large fire at a medical institution. In the human factor analysis of cases 1 and 2, the main factors were that liveware (human) violated the duty of care and did not follow the guidelines of the institution. The large fire incident in the hospital in Case 3 was caused by a lack of awareness of the safety of managers, the installation of illegal facilities and environments, lack of medical staff’s response and training, and the condition of patients who were mostly elderly. The liveware at the center of the SHELL model is the most important human factor, and the environment, facilities, and equipment surrounding liveware must be supplemented to prevent future medical accidents.

  • Original Article2023-03-31

    항공학과 학생들의 MBTI 성격 유형별 조직몰입 및 팀워크 역량 차이분석

    Abstract : Purpose: For students who have already decided on their career path by entering the aviation departments, this study aims to analyze organizational commitment and teamwork relationships using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality type as a tool. Methods: In order to investigate the career choices of aviation workers according to MBTI personality types, a survey was conducted targeting enrolled in and graduating from the aviation departments, and organizational commitment and teawork were analyzed using SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: Sening, Feeling, and Perceiving were mainly found in students who chose cabin crew as their career, whereas students in department of flight crew and aviation maintenance showed high level in Instuition, Thinkg, and Juding. As a result of the analysis, the MBTI type for each career path of aviation students was mainly ENTP for flight crew students, ESFP for cabin crew students, and INTP for aviation maintenance students. Conclusion: Even if students make their choice based on advice, subjective and objective judgments in choosing a career path, there are cases in which the chosen job does not suit them. Therefore, it is hoped that various indicators such as the MBTI will be used to help studnes choose their career path.

  • Review Article2023-06-30

    한국공군의 예측적 안전관리를 위한 FOQA 시스템 고찰 연구

    Abstract : In 1962, British Airways implemented Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA) for the first time in order to reduce the rate of increase in aviation accidents, which could increase due to the expansion of the aviation industry and the increase in traffic. After that, in 1995, it was developed for the purpose of collecting/analyzing flight data on technical defects and dangerous situations that occur in actual flights through voluntary participation programs by U.S. airlines. In the private sector, it has been regulated and operated in most countries since early 2000 according to the recommendations of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and Federal Aviation Administration. In addition, civil airlines are required to conduct FOQA as part of Safety Management System in accordance with ICAO ANNEX-6. The U.S. Air Force benchmarks the FOQA safety program in the civilian sector and applies it under the name of Military FOQA. Therefore, in the Republic of Korea Air Force, there is a need to ensure flight safety in an objective and scientific way by deriving event parameters for the introduction of the flight data analysis system in order to perform predictive safety management in accordance with the trend of the times.

  • Review Article2024-03-31

    항공교통관제분야 교대근무자를 위한 피로관리 전략

    Abstract : Recently, shift work, including night shift, has been widely implemented in modern society. These include workplaces that have to work 24 hours a day for production processes, such as petrochemicals, power plants, and steel industries, as well as industries necessary to secure public services such as gas and electricity. In particular, workers in the aviation sector are mostly engaged in shift work due to the nature of their 24 hours of continuous work. Most shift workplaces comply with legal work regulations, but they fail to take into account workers’ fatigue and focus only on compliance with regulatory requirements. Specifically, shift work needs to provide minimum guidelines for workers’ safety and health. Therefore, this study analyzed and reviewed the current status of shift work in the air traffic control field, where shift work is essential, and presented guidelines for the safety and health care of shift workers. First of all, the international shift work guidelines and domestic laws related to shift work were reviewed, and the characteristics of the shift work system in the air traffic control field were reviewed. For the guidelines, we discussed the shift method, shift speed (direction), shift work hours and hours, night work, and other considerations.

  • Original Article2023-06-30

    비행훈련 시 학생조종사 인적요인 영향에 대하여

    Abstract : Purpose: Most aviation accidents are caused by human factors, and in recent years in Korea, human factors have been identified as the cause of 70% of aviation accidents. Human factors that influence pilots in the aviation field are closely linked to judgment ability and are crucial factors directly impacting flight proficiency. Methods: To explore the human factors that may affect student pilots during flight training, a survey was conducted among flight instructors holding pilot certificates. Results: The results aim not only to identify the human factors that can influence flight performance during training but also to establish a direction for safety by addressing the human factors related to student pilots, with the goal of maintaining safety. Conclusion: Understanding the human factors that affect student pilots, who will be responsible for transporting hundreds of passengers in the future, is essential for cultivating safety knowledge and risk management skills, making it a highly important matter for accident prevention.

  • Review Article2023-06-30

    포스트 코로나 대비 항공종사자 건강증진 방안: 싱잉볼 명상을 중심으로

    Abstract : COVID-19 has severely impacted the aviation industry, with air travel declining sharply and airlines cutting capacity as a result. Additionally, many countries have closed their borders to block spread of the virus. Air traffic controllers and pilots have also experienced negative effects, in that the experience required to maintain proficiency has decreased over the past three years. This has resulted in financial problems for airlines and air traffic control facilities, leading to increased job uncertainty and a manpower imbalance. As air traffic volumes begin to increase again, air traffic controllers and pilots responsible for passenger safety may experience extreme stress and anxiety in new situations. To address this problem, healthcare methods are needed to help aviation professionals to overcome stress and reduce anxiety. Meditation can stabilize the autonomic nervous system, promote relaxation and comfort in the mind and body, and could aid in smooth metabolism by suppressing the sympathetic nerves that cause our bodies to feel tension and activating the parasympathetic nerves. However, achieving the benefits of meditation can require time and effort, and general meditation can be challenging for individuals experiencing physical pain. Therefore, singing bowl meditation is recommended, as it can easily induce a meditative state. The sounds produced by Tibetan singing bowls can promote meditation by tuning the alpha waves, theta waves, and gamma waves of electoencephalography. Singing bowl meditation is a beneficial method for individuals with limited time or physical disabilities due to work schedules, such as air traffic controllers and pilots, to easily access meditation.

  • Review Article2023-03-31

    중대재해처벌법 시행에 따른 항공분야 위험성 평가 기법 연구

    Abstract : Currently, an important keyword for safety issues in Korean society is the enforcement of the Serious Accidents Punishment (SAP) Act. The purpose of enacting the SAP Act is to prevent accidents and disasters by establishing a system in which society, business, and organizations systematically manage safety and health. The mandatory measures for the enforcement of the SAP Act are to have manpower and budget necessary for accident prevention, and to establish and implement a safety and health management system. Measures concerning the establishment and implementation of the safety and health system begin with the application or risk management procedures to identify hazards, eliminate risk factors, and prepare control measures. In order to increase the validity of the risk management application results, it is important to apply a technique for risk assessment that systematically evaluates risk factors. Therefore, this study intends to examine the recent trends and implications of risk assessment techniques. First, based on the risk assessment guidelines of the MOEL in Korea, major risk assessment techniques were considered and examples were presented. The representative risk assessment techniques consider are 4M, Checklist, HAZOP (HAZards & Operability Studies), What-IF, JSA(Job Safety Analysis), FTA (Fault Tree Analysis), ETA (Event Tree Analysis), and CCA (Cause Consequence Analysis).

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